Neonatology focuses on caring for newborns and treatment of conditions like jaundice, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), neonatal sepsis, and feeding difficulties. Premature babies often face additional challenges due to underdeveloped organs.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:

• Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
• Phototherapy for jaundice
• Ventilatory support for respiratory conditions
• Newborn screening for genetic and metabolic disorders

With compassionate care and cutting-edge technology, our neonatologists ensure the best outcomes for your newborn.

Respiratory conditions in children include asthma, bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia. These conditions can cause coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, or fever. Triggers for respiratory conditions range from viral infections to environmental allergens, and your child may require urgent attention in severe cases. Early diagnosis and management are essential to avoid complications.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Pulmonary function tests
• Chest X-ray
• Oxygen therapy and nebulisation
• Allergy testing

Our pediatric specialists provide personalised care to manage symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and improve your child’s quality of life.

Infections such as the flu, ear infections (otitis media), strep throat, viral gastroenteritis, hand-foot-mouth disease and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children. Symptoms vary based on the type of infection; however, fever, irritability and fatigue are usually common symptoms for any infection. These infections can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites. It is important to identify the cause of the infection to effectively treat it. Self-treatment without a doctor’s consultation is not recommended. Left untreated or improperly treated, some infections may lead to complications.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Blood cultures
• Urine and stool analysis
• Specialised tests like serological and PCR tests
• Vaccination programs
• Hospitalisation and advanced care

Our team focuses on prompt and effective treatments to relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of recurrent infections.

While each child is unique and may reach developmental milestones at their own pace, significant delays or inability to achieve these milestones should be carefully observed and brought to the attention of your pediatrician. Developmental disorders include speech delays, motor skill delays (crawling, walking, grasping), and neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorders and ADHD. These conditions can affect a child’s ability to communicate, learn, or perform age-appropriate activities. Early intervention is key to improving long-term outcomes.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Developmental assessments
• Speech and occupational therapy
• Evaluations and assessments of neurodevelopmental disorders
• Cognitive testing
• Behavioural therapy and counselling
• Advanced diagnostic tools like MRI or genetic testing

Our multidisciplinary approach ensures your child receives tailored support for their unique needs.

As parents, it is easy to focus on how much your child eats rather than the quality of their meals. However, not ensuring a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fibre can lead to nutritional deficiencies that may affect your child’s growth and health. Common nutritional deficiencies in children include iron-deficiency anemia, rickets (vitamin D deficiency), and malnutrition. These can manifest as fatigue, poor growth, or weak bones. Addressing these deficiencies is crucial for healthy development.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Blood tests for iron, calcium, and vitamin levels
• Dietary counselling and supplementation
• Growth monitoring
• Bone density scans

Our team ensures personalised care to help your child thrive.

Have you noticed frequent skin rashes, red spots or blotches on the skin, sneezing, watery eyes or runny nose in your child? These could all be signs that your child is allergic to something. Allergies in children can range from food allergies and asthma to eczema and hay fever. They may cause itching, swelling, respiratory issues, or skin rashes, and can significantly impact daily life. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to prevent severe allergic reactions.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Allergy skin prick tests
• Blood tests for specific allergens
• Immunotherapy (allergy shots)
• Asthma and allergy management plans

Our pediatric allergy specialists focus on identifying triggers and providing long-term relief for your child.

Neurological conditions in children can be challenging, but early intervention is key. Conditions like epilepsy, febrile seizures, and developmental delays may show symptoms such as frequent seizures, muscle weakness, or delays in milestones, which require prompt attention to avoid long-term complications.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• MRI and CT scans
• Developmental assessments
• Anti-seizure medications and therapies

Our experienced pediatric neurologists provide compassionate care to support your child’s development and well-being.

Gastrointestinal issues like constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, foreign body ingestion and intussusception are common in children. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, or feeding difficulties. Early management is crucial to avoid complications like dehydration or bowel obstruction.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Imaging tests like ultrasounds, X-rays, CT, MRI
• Endoscopy for severe cases
• Dietary counselling
• Medications for symptom relief

Our pediatric specialists ensure a holistic approach to managing your child’s gastrointestinal health.

Congenital anomalies like cleft lip/palate, congenital heart defects, and neural tube defects are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth. These conditions often require specialised care and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Prenatal and neonatal ultrasound
• Echocardiograms for heart defects
• Surgical and interventional cardiological repair options
• Comprehensive post-surgical care

Our multidisciplinary approach ensures your child receives the best care at every stage.

Skin conditions in children include diaper rash, heat rash, eczema, warts, psoriasis, impetigo, and ringworm. These can cause discomfort and irritation, impacting the child’s quality of life. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can provide relief and prevent complications.

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:

• Skin patch tests
• Topical treatments and ointments
• Antibiotics or antifungals for infections
• Lifestyle guidance for managing chronic conditions

Our dermatology team ensures your child’s skin stays healthy and irritation-free.

If you notice your child suddenly sitting too close to the TV, holding books too close to their face, squinting to read or see objects at a distance, or rubbing their eyes frequently, they may be experiencing vision problems that could affect their development and learning. Common issues include refractive errors (myopia – nearsightedness, hyperopia – farsightedness), amblyopia (lazy eye), and squinting. Other eye conditions include droopy eyelid (ptosis), congenital deformities and Retinoblastoma (type of eye cancer). 

Comprehensive eye examinations, including visual acuity tests, refraction, and assessment of eye alignment and movement is key in treating your child’s eye issues. 

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Corrective lenses
• Patching therapy for lazy eye
• Vision therapy to improve visual skills
• Surgical management of certain conditions
• Regular follow-up

Our team of ophthalmology specialists ensures your child’s vision and eye health are closely monitored and cared for

If your child is gaining weight faster than their peers, seems to get tired easily, or experiences joint pain and sleep problems, they may be struggling with childhood obesity. It is defined as having a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex. It occurs when your child has poor nutritional intake, low physical activity, or may even be influenced by genetic, environmental, and behavioural factors. Common symptoms include excessive body weight for height and age, fatigue and shortness of breath, joint pain, snoring and sleep apnea. Uncontrolled weight gain can result in type 2 diabetes in children. 

Our Comprehensive Care Includes:  

• Monitoring of BMI and associated health parameters
• Nutritional counselling
• Physical activity promotion
• Behavioural therapy
• Family-based interventions
• Referral to specialists for management of comorbidities

At Apollo, our pediatric specialists are dedicated to providing holistic care to help your child achieve and maintain a healthy weight, ensuring their well-being now and in the future.

Blood and urine tests are essential for detecting infections, nutritional deficiencies, organ function abnormalities, and other health issues in your child. These tests help establish a baseline for your child’s health.

How it is Performed:

• Blood Test: A  needle is used to draw blood, typically from the arm. For infants, a heel prick may be done.
• Urine Test: A sterile container is provided for the collection of urine. In younger children or infants, a special collection bag may be used.

What Parents Should Expect:

• A mild prick during blood collection, which lasts only a few seconds.
• Encourage your child to stay calm; distraction techniques such as toys or songs can help.
• Test results are usually available within 24–48 hours.

Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds, and MRIs provide detailed visuals of bones, organs, and tissues. These are vital for diagnosing fractures, developmental abnormalities, or internal conditions in your child.

How it is Performed:

• X-Ray: Your child will be positioned on a table while the technician uses a machine to capture images of bones or chest. The procedure is quick and painless.
• Ultrasound: A handheld device (transducer) is moved over the skin with a gel applied to improve image quality.
• CT Scan/MRI: Your child may need to lie still inside a large machine while advanced imaging captures detailed internal visuals. These machines can be loud and intimidating so your child may be given headphones with music to drown out the noise or even sedation if necessary.

What Parents Should Expect:

• Explain the procedure to your child beforehand to ease anxiety.
• Imaging is non-invasive but may require your child to stay still for a few minutes.
• Results will be shared by the pediatrician, highlighting any abnormalities.

Regular check-ups are crucial for monitoring your child’s physical, emotional, and developmental milestones.

How it is Performed:

• Measurement of height, weight, and head circumference to track growth.
• A thorough physical examination, including heart, lungs, and abdomen checks.
• A battery of blood, urine and imaging tests to check all of your child’s parameters.
• Discussion about sleep, nutrition, and developmental progress.

What Parents Should Expect:

• A relaxed, interactive session designed to put your child at ease.
• Address any parental concerns regarding diet, behaviour, or milestones.
• Customised advice for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Vaccinations are a cornerstone of preventive healthcare, protecting your child from infectious diseases like measles, polio, and hepatitis. Vaccines are key to lifelong immunity against numerous dangerous infections.

How it is Performed:

• A small needle is used to inject the vaccine, usually into the arm or thigh.
• A vaccination schedule is created based on your child’s age and medical history.

What Parents Should Expect:

• Mild discomfort at the injection site, sometimes accompanied by a low-grade fever.
• Provide plenty of fluids and a comforting environment post-vaccination.
• Detailed records of your child’s immunisation history for future reference.

Early detection of hearing or vision problems ensures timely intervention, promoting normal speech and cognitive development.

How it is Performed:

• Hearing Tests: May include otoacoustic emissions (OAE) or auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests, where sounds are played, and responses are recorded.
• Vision Tests: Include visual acuity tests using an eye chart and assessments for refractive errors or eye alignment.

What Parents Should Expect:

• Non-invasive and painless procedures performed in a quiet room.
• Results are discussed immediately, and if needed, referrals to specialists are provided.

Allergy testing identifies triggers like pollen, food, or dust that may cause allergic reactions in your child.

How it is Performed:

• Skin Prick Test: Small amounts of allergens are introduced into the skin using a tiny needle. Based on the level of reaction to any of the allergens, your child’s pediatrician may recommend anti-histamine treatment alongside possible lifestyle changes.
• Blood Test: A blood sample is taken to measure specific allergen antibodies.

What Parents Should Expect:

• The skin prick test may cause mild itching or redness, which resolves quickly.
• Blood tests are minimally invasive with results available in a few days.
• Your child’s pediatrician will provide a comprehensive plan to manage allergies.

Read more

These tests evaluate your child’s physical and cognitive development to ensure they are meeting age-appropriate milestones.

How it is Performed:

• Assessments of motor skills, speech, and problem-solving abilities.
• Physical measurements and a review of developmental history.
• In some cases, additional lab tests or imaging may be recommended.

What Parents Should Expect:

• A comfortable, interactive environment where your child can perform activities like drawing or puzzles.
• Insights into areas needing support, with referrals to specialists if required.
• Personalised advice for fostering growth and learning at home.
• Counselling on behavioural therapy techniques for parents of children too young for cognitive behavioural therapy

The Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics is a centre of excellence for the surgical treatment of congenital and acquired heart and lung conditions in children. Our team of highly skilled pediatric cardiothoracic surgeons, supported by specialised cardiac anesthesiologists, intensivists, and nurses, provides comprehensive care for the most complex cardiac and thoracic conditions.

Key areas of expertise include:

1. Congenital heart defects

• Problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth, ranging from mild to life-threatening.
• Surgical correction of conditions such as atrial and ventricular septal defects, Tetralogy of Fallot, and transposition of great arteries, etc.

2. Neonatal cardiac surgery

• Specialised surgeries for critically ill newborns with congenital heart defects.

3. Heart valve repair and replacement

• Indicated for a blocked/narrowed valve in your child’s heart or one that isn’t functioning normally.
• Procedures to correct valve dysfunction while preserving heart function.

4. Aortic arch reconstruction

• Coarctation (narrowing) of the aorta (the largest artery in the body) is a congenital heart defect that occurs when a baby's aorta does not form properly during pregnancy, which is corrected by surgery.
• Surgical treatment for narrowing of the aorta and other arch defects.

5. Management of cardiomyopathies

• Rare heart condition that affects the heart muscle in children.
• Surgical options for heart muscle diseases unresponsive to medical therapy.

6. Lung and chest wall abnormalities

• These include structural abnormalities of the chest, conditions affecting the lungs and the chest cavity, etc
• Expertise in lung resections, chest wall corrections, and treatment of thoracic masses.

Pediatric Cardiology expertise  of the Apollo Institute of Pediatrics is well known all over India for  superior patient care and clinical outcomes. From infancy to adulthood, our team of Cardiologists, Cardiac Surgeons, nurses and other specialists collectively are dedicated exclusively to providing a full spectrum of cardiac services for patients with congenital heart disease and other rare heart conditions. Each year, our Cardiologists care for more than 10,000 children and adults with congenital and acquired heart defects, including the rarest and most complex cases in the world. This level of experience translates to better outcomes. Our Cardiologists sub-specialise in different areas of Cardiology including Catheter intervention, Foetal Cardiology, Three Dimensional Echocardiography, Pulmonary hypertension, Heart failure & Pediatric Heart and Lung Transplantation.

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND FOETAL CARDIOLOGY PROGRAMME
We specialise in Echocardiography for Congenital and Structural heart disease. Both Transthoracic and Transesophageal Three Dimensional echocardiographic studies are performed with technically advanced machines. Portable echocardiography facilities are available in the Catheterisations lab, Cardiac Operating room, Cardiothoracic ICU and Pediatric intensive care. We perform foetal echocardiography and offer antenatal counselling services for high risk pregnancies. Our team has expertise in Neonatal emergency cardiac care, Neonatal interventions and gives inputs pre and post cardiac surgeries.

CARDIAC CATHETER INTERVENTIONS
We have a team of Interventional Cardiologists who perform complex structural interventions including neonatal interventions, adult congenital interventions and Hybrid procedures. We perform about 500 catheter interventions per annum, in our state-of-the-art catheterisation laboratory.

HEART FAILURE / PULMONARY HYPERTENSION CLINICS AND TRANSPLANT PROGRAMME
We maintain a database of Heart failure and pulmonary hypertensive patients. Detailed clinical assessments are performed for these patients in the Heart failure and Pulmonary hypertension clinics which are conducted twice a week.

TRAINING PROGRAM
The Department is accredited for the National Board of Examinations (NBE) Fellowship programmes. We support the development of future leaders in Pediatric Cardiac care. We currently host National board fellows, International fellows and fellows on rotation from Pediatrics and Adult Cardiology. Fellows receive hands on training in Echocardiography and Cardiac Catheterisation procedures. We offer an academic programme with regular clinical case discussions, journal clubs, seminars and formative assessments. Papers are presented regularly at  National and International conferences.

Read more

The Department of Paediatric Urology provides comprehensive, multi disciplinary tertiary care for children with a wide spectrum of Urological problems / abnormalities. We offer a highly specially and focused treatment for Urology problems. Our expert Paediatric Urology surgeons perform precise surgeries empowered by the availability of the latest facilitating equipments and back up support of trained staff in the field of Key hole surgeries, Laparoscopic surgeries, Robotic surgeries and Endourology.

Conditions treated and Services offered:

• We specialise in procedures for:
  • Hydronephrosis- a condition involving swelling of the kidney due to build up of urine
  • Pelvic ureteric junction obstruction- a blockage of the junction where the kidney meets the ureter
  • VUR / Duplex System

Vesicoureteral reflux [VUR] occurs when urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys, increasing the risk of kidney infections and damage.  Duplex system is a congenital condition where the kidney has two separate collecting systems instead of a normal single system . We provide a full spectrum of treatment options, from conservative management with antibiotics to minimally invasive surgical correction, such as ureteral reimplantation or endoscopic injections.

• Antenatal counseling for foetal urological conditions.
• Neonatal emergencies, prenatally detected anomalies, abdominal mass, urosepsis, urinary retention, scrotal masses, abnormal external genitalia, etc.
• Neonatal conditions: Renal anomalies, tumours, exstrophy complex, ambiguous genitalia, posterior urethral valve, scrotal anomalies, etc.
• Multidisciplinary care for kids with bladder and spine anomalies, which combines the expert collective care of Paediatricians, Nephrologists, Paediatric Urologists, Neurosurgeons, Endocrinologists and Developmental Physicians.
• Various Endourological procedures like:
  • PUV fulgration: a minimally invasive procedure to treat Posterior urethral valve , a condition causing blockage in the male urethra
  • Ureterocele deroofing: a procedure to treat ureterocele , a swelling at the end of the ureter
  • Sub ureteric injection of Deux for Vesicoureteral reflux, using injection of a bulking agent called Deux  near the point of entry of the ureter.
  • Endoscopic injection of ‘Botox’ for Neurogenic bladder, where the bladder is affected by nerve damage.
  • Bladder and ureteric stones managed by Laser Lithotripsy, where the stones are broken by laser energy.
  • PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy)  for Kidney stones using small incisions .Apollo is one of the few centers in India doing this procedure in the paediatric age group
• Reconstructive urology

This includes procedures like Bladder Augmentation.

• Management Paediatric Penile abnormalities: penile torsion, chordee, concealed penis, intersex surgeries, and Hypospadias. Hypospadias is a congenital condition in males where the urethral opening is located in the underside of the penis instead of at the tip. We are one of the major centres in India where all varieties of Hypospadias are corrected as a one stage procedure with results comparable to the best in the world.
• Treatment of bladder functional abnormalities, urinary urgency, urge incontinence, dysfunctional voiding, neurogenic bladder, nocturnal enuresis etc with add on availability of paediatric urometry/ Urodynamic studies  to assist in treatment.

The Pediatric Neurology department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics is dedicated to diagnosing and treating a wide spectrum of neurological disorders in children, from infancy through adolescence. Our team of experienced pediatric neurologists works in collaboration with other specialists to provide comprehensive care for complex neurological conditions.

We have a fully equipped Neurophysiology lab for all the tests needed.

Facilities for laboratory investigations and radiology (including MRI) are available. Inpatient video-EEG telemetry and other neurophysiological testing facilities are also available in a child-friendly environment.

Key areas of focus include:

1. Epilepsy Management

• Long-term medical management of epilepsy, a brain disorder that causes people to have brief episodes of involuntary movement called seizures.
• Advanced diagnostics, including video EEG monitoring and neuroimaging.
• Evaluation for epilepsy surgery and ketogenic diet therapy for medication-resistant cases.

2. Neurodevelopmental disorders

• Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions that affect the brain and nervous system during development, and can cause impairments in cognition, communication, behaviour, and/or motor skills.
• Early diagnosis and intervention for disorders like autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), etc.
• Multidisciplinary therapy plans, including behavioural, speech, and occupational therapy.
• Medical management of neurodevelopmental disorders along with child psychiatric specialists

3. Neuromuscular disorders

• These are a set of conditions where the  neuromuscular system is affected, including the nerves that control muscles and the muscles themselves.
• Expertise in managing conditions like muscular dystrophy (progressive muscle weakness and degeneration), myopathies (skeletal muscle issues), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (neurological disorder that occurs when the body's immune system attacks the peripheral nervous system).
• Advanced genetic testing and rehabilitation therapies.

4. Headache and migraine management

• Various headaches including migraines, tension headaches, sinus headaches, etc.
• Individualised treatment plans involving medication, lifestyle adjustments, and counselling.

5. Movement disorders

• Neurological conditions that affect your child's ability to move typically and with control.
• Diagnosis and management of conditions like cerebral palsy, dystonia, and tics.
• Botulinum toxin therapy and physical rehabilitation services.

6. Neuroimmunological conditions

• Conditions that occur when the body's immune system attacks itself, damaging the brain, nerves, and other tissues.
• Expertise in managing pediatric multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and autoimmune encephalitis.

The Pediatric Orthopedics department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics specialises in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of musculoskeletal conditions in children and adolescents. Our team of experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeons and specialists provides comprehensive care for a wide range of orthopedic issues, from common injuries to complex congenital deformities.

Key areas of expertise include:

1. Fractures and sports injuries

• Simple or complex injuries to your child’s bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons either due to a fall or a sports-related incident.
• Immediate care for bone fractures and sprains, emphasising growth-plate preservation.
• Rehabilitation for sports injuries to restore strength and mobility.

2. Developmental hip dysplasia

• A condition where the hip joint does not develop properly in babies and young children.
• Early diagnosis using advanced imaging techniques.
• Non-surgical (harness, bracing) and surgical (osteotomies) treatments tailored to your child’s age.

3. Limb deformities and length discrepancies

• Abnormalities in the growth and development of their arms or legs.
• Correction of bow legs, knock knees, and limb length inequalities using minimally invasive or advanced surgical techniques.

4. Scoliosis and other spinal deformities

• Abnormalities in the length and curvature of your child’s spine.
• Comprehensive care for scoliosis (sideways curve in the spine), kyphosis (backward curve in the spine), and other spinal issues, including bracing and spinal fusion surgery when needed.

5. Clubfoot and other foot deformities

• Congenital deformities like clubfoot, flat foot, tarsal coalition, etc.
• Expertise in the Ponseti method of using casts to manipulate better positioning and surgical corrections for resistant cases.

6. Management of bone and joint infections

• Prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term complications.

The Developmental Pediatrics department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics specialises in the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of children with developmental delays and disorders. Our team of developmental pediatricians, psychologists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, and other specialists work together to provide comprehensive care for children with a wide range of developmental concerns.

Key areas of focus include:

1. Developmental Delays and Disorders

• Comprehensive evaluation and tailored interventions for autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities, and motor delays.
• Behavioural interventions
• Speech and language therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Physical therapy
• Educational interventions
• Medical management when appropriate

2. Speech and Language Disorders

• Diagnosis and therapy for children with delayed speech, stuttering or articulation issues.

3. Behavioural Problems

• Addressing concerns such as aggression, anxiety, and attention issues through counselling and behaviour therapy.
• Medical management if needed.

The Pediatric Endocrinology department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics specialises in the diagnosis and treatment of hormonal disorders in children and adolescents. The endocrine system is a complex network of glands and organs, which uses hormones to control and coordinate your child’s metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth and development. Our team of experienced pediatric endocrinologists provides comprehensive care for a wide range of endocrine conditions that affect growth, development, metabolism, and reproductive health.

Key areas of expertise include:

1. Growth disorders

• Disorders caused by a deficiency or excess in growth hormones in your child.
• Management of short stature and growth hormone deficiencies or excesses.

2. Thyroid disorders

• A common endocrine disorder affecting the production of thyroid hormone produced in the thyroid gland.
• Treatment for hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and congenital thyroid disorders in children.

3. Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2)

• A chronic disease that occurs when your child’s body does not produce enough insulin or can't use it properly, thus causing an excess of glucose in the body.
• Type 1 diabetes s an autoimmune disorder where your child’s immune system attacks pancreatic cells that produce insulin, while type 2 diabetes  is a lifestyle-related disorder often coupled with obesity and poor lifestyle.
• Comprehensive care, including insulin therapy and glucose monitoring for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and lifestyle counselling for type 2 diabetes.

4. Puberty disorders

• Hormonal imbalances in your child, resulting in overproduction or underproduction of reproductive hormones.
• Overproduction of reproductive hormones can lead to precocious puberty (early puberty), while underproduction or delayed production of reproductive hormones can lead to delayed puberty.
• Management of precocious or delayed puberty.

5. Calcium and bone disorders

• Bone disorders can be caused by many factors, including genetic conditions and nutritional deficiencies.
• Treatment for rickets, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis, and other metabolic bone conditions in your child.

6. Obesity and metabolic syndrome

• Associated with insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and cellular dysfunction.
• Lifestyle interventions and medical management to prevent complications.

The Pediatric Gastroenterology & Hepatology department at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics specialises in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the digestive system, liver, and pancreas in infants, children, and adolescents. Our team of experienced pediatric gastroenterologists and hepatologists provides comprehensive care for a wide range of gastrointestinal and liver conditions.

Key areas of expertise include:

1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease

• Chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, often causing abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and weight loss.
• Comprehensive management includes dietary counselling and medication.

2. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

• Condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn, vomiting, or feeding difficulties.
• Lifestyle modifications, dietary adjustments, medications to reduce acid production, and in rare cases, surgical intervention.

3. Celiac disease

• An autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, resulting in damage to the small intestine.
• Counselling and nutritional support to address deficiencies.

4. Motility disorders

• Disorders affecting the movement of food through your child’s digestive tract, including chronic constipation or delayed gastric emptying.
• Tailored treatment plans including dietary changes, medications to improve motility, and biofeedback therapy when needed.

5. Liver diseases

• Conditions like hepatitis, fatty liver, or metabolic liver disorders that can impair your child’s liver function and overall health.
• Early diagnosis through advanced imaging and blood tests, medication to manage liver inflammation, and specialised care for complex conditions including transplants.

6. Pancreatic disorders

• Diseases like pancreatitis or enzyme deficiencies affecting your child’s digestive process and nutrient absorption.
• Enzyme replacement therapy and dietary modifications to support digestion.

7. Nutritional disorders

• Issues like malnutrition, failure to thrive, or obesity that impact your child’s growth and development.
• Comprehensive nutritional assessments, personalised diet plans, and ongoing monitoring to ensure healthy growth.

Our Services include: 

• Comprehensive consultations, evaluation and diagnosis, clear management plans including nutritional support
• Diagnostic and Therapeutic endoscopic procedures, such as:
  • Upper GI endoscopy
  • Lower GI endoscopy (Colonoscopy)
  • Capsule endoscopy
  • Manometry (Esophageal & Anorectal)
  • Impedance / pH studies
• Liver procedures, such as:
  • Liver biopsy
  • Polypectomy
  • Variceal ligation
  • Sclerotherapy
  • Esophageal stricture dilatation
• Foreign bodies removal, Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG), ERCP.
• Liver transplant care:  Pre transplant assessment and perioperative care in coordination with liver surgical transplant team

The Pediatric Oncology department at the Apollo Institute of Pediatrics is committed to providing compassionate and cutting-edge care for children diagnosed with cancer. 

Treatment of children with blood disorders like anaemia and bleeding problems like haemophilia. Lead areas of service includes therapy of children with thalassemia major, sickle cell anaemia and children with recurrent infections suspected to have primary immune deficiency disorders. These children are seen in our speciality clinic and are offered diagnostic services including molecular work up and complete treatment including curative bone marrow transplantation all under one roof.

We work as a team with diagnostic services and have access to PET CT and specialist Histopathologists, Haematopathologists, Paediatric Intensivists, Paediatric Oncosurgeons and radiation oncologists to provide optimal care for children with cancer.

Bone marrow transplantation offers the only chance of cure for patients with difficult blood cancers, primary immunodeficiency and thalassemia major. The HOPE team performs about 80 paediatric transplants each year and is the largest paediatric bone marrow transplant centre in the country.

Key Areas of Expertise:

1. Leukemia and Lymphomas

• Cancers of the blood and lymphatic system, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which are among the most common childhood cancers.
• Comprehensive care includes chemotherapy, targetted therapies, and stem cell transplantation for high-risk cases.

2. Brain and Central Nervous System Tumours

• Tumours in the brain or spinal cord, such as medulloblastomas and gliomas, which can impact neurological function and development.
• Advanced surgical interventions, radiation therapy using precision techniques, and chemotherapy tailored to the tumour type.

3. Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas

• Cancers like osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma that affect bones or surrounding tissues, often presenting with localised pain or swelling.
• A combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, with limb-sparing surgical techniques whenever possible.

4. Neuroblastoma

• Cancer originating in immature nerve cells, commonly found in the adrenal glands, affecting infants and young children.
• Multidisciplinary approach involving surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and, in advanced cases, immunotherapy or stem cell transplantation.

5. Wilms’ Tumour

• Kidney cancer primarily affecting children under 5, often presenting as a painless abdominal mass.
• Surgical removal of the tumour, followed by chemotherapy and, in some cases, radiotherapy to ensure complete eradication.

6. Retinoblastoma

• Rare eye cancer affecting young children, often detected through abnormal eye reflections or vision issues.
• Treatments include chemotherapy, laser therapy, cryotherapy, and, in advanced cases, enucleation (removal of the eye) to preserve life.

The Department of Paediatric Robotic Surgery is a part of both Paediatric Urology and Paediatric Surgery. This pioneering Department has been instrumental in exploring the use of robotics for surgery in children. The youngest child who has undergone surgery using the robot was just 2 months old and 4 kgs in weight.

Robotic Surgery is modified laparoscopic surgery. Through three or four holes, instruments are introduced into the body and are manipulated to cut and stitch.The instruments in Robotic Surgery have tiny tips which move, twist and turn like the human hand. Along with this, the robotic camera gives a three dimensional view of the internal organs in incredible detail. The depth of vision provided by the robot enables very delicate and precise surgery to be carried out with minimal morbidity. This means that only the diseased organ is dealt with and no disturbance is caused to the adjacent structures.

Unlike laparoscopic surgery, robotic movements are precise, ensuring that the procedure is completed in a very short time. The duration of anaesthesia is reduced and post-operative recovery is very quick. In most cases, oral feeding can be started within a few hours and the child is discharged within a day or two. Short hospitalisation ensures that working parents are not unduly affected.

The Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Apollo Institute of Pediatrics is the most advanced treatment facility of its kind, providing the highest level of care for critically ill and injured children. Many critically ill children with complex conditions are referred from all over India, and also internationally . 

The PICU team provides treatment that is current, evidence-based and closely adheres to global best practices. The unit is staffed by internationally trained and highly committed Paediatric Intensive Care physicians and provides critical care for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They liaise regularly with paediatric medical and surgical subspecialists regarding coordination of care, discharge and follow-up. In addition, specially trained Critical Care nurses complement PICU care.

Apollo offers Paediatric Intensive Care Fellowship training and has spearheaded important research that has been published in prominent national and international journals of the speciality.

SPECIALISED CARE

• Multi-system trauma care
• Infectious Disease support that contributes to the targeted therapy of resistant and complicated infections
• Stringent Infection Control department that strictly monitors infection prevention and minimises hospital acquired infections.
• Specialised Burn Intensive Care
• Cardiac Intensive Care after surgery for congenital heart disease
• PICU care after complex abdominal and thoracic surgery, neurosurgical and craniofacial and spinal surgery
• Oncological / Haematological Care
• Procedural Sedation
• Bedside invasive / non-invasive diagnostic procedures (e.g. Bronchoscopy, bedside EEG, ECG and echocardiography)
• Rapid retuning of therapy for complicated forms of circulatory shock using focused “Point of care” Cardiac, Lung and Abdomen Ultrasound
• Intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP)
• Multimodal Monitoring for Cardiac output monitoring – USCOM, PiCCO
• Ultrasound guided placement of central vascular access which improves precision
• Blood gas measurement machines
• Centralized monitoring system
• Difficult airway algorithms and equipment
• Respiratory therapy
• High low oxygen therapy
• Non-invasive ventilation-BiPAP/CPAP
• Nitric oxide therapy
• High frequency ventilator
• End-tidal CO2 monitors
• Hemofiltration  / dialysis/SLED/ Peritoneal dialysis
• Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

The specialised and unique state-of-the-art ECMO area is located within the PICU complex. With positive pressure controlled air and anti-microbial surfaces, the ECMO unit has stringent infection-control standards that match those in the Operation Theatre. Experienced multi-disciplinary team can set up ECMO under an hour for severe respiratory or cardio-respiratory failure that has failed conventional therapy. Many critically ill children who have failed conventional therapies have successfully undergone VV-ECMO (for refractory respiratory failure) and VA-ECMO (for refractory shock).

Apollo’s Pediatric emergency service is dedicated exclusively to children up to 18 years of age, designed with a friendly, efficient, and comforting atmosphere. Staff at the centre are trained not only in caring for the medical needs of children but also for their emotional needs. Pediatric Emergency at Apollo Children's is a state-of-the-art facility dedicated to the care of your child. We provide surgical care during emergencies and all children are mandatorily evaluated and managed by pediatric trained professionals.

24X7 EMERGENCY SERVICES
Our specialists are trained to handle serious conditions needing medical or surgical support:

• Respiratory distress
• Neurological emergencies such as epilepsy, febrile seizures (seizures caused by high fevers)
• Trauma and injuries
• Burns
• Bites, stings, overdose, poisoning, ingestions
• Cardiac emergencies

The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), High Dependency Unit (HDU), and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) services at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics provide advanced critical care for children with life-threatening conditions. Our state-of-the-art facilities and highly skilled team ensure round-the-clock care for the most complex and critically ill pediatric patients.

Key features include:

1. Pediatric Intensive Care (PICU)

Services provided in our PICU Include:

• Centralised Monitoring System
• Respiratory Therapy
• High Flow Oxygen Therapy
• Non-invasive Ventilation-BiPAP/CPAP
• High Frequency Ventilator Continuous
• Veno-venous CRRT  / Hemofiltration / Dialysis / SLED
• PICU Care After Complex Abdominal and Thoracic Surgery
• Neurosurgical Craniofacial and Spinal Surgery

Key Features

• Advanced monitoring equipment for continuous assessment of vital functions
• Ventilator support for respiratory failure
• Management of multi-organ dysfunction
• Specialised care for post-operative cardiac patients
• Neurological monitoring and management 
  
   

2. High Dependency Unit (HDU)

The Pediatric High Dependency Unit at Apollo provides specialised care for children who require close observation and treatment beyond what's available in general wards, but don't need intensive care. 

Key features include:

• 4-bedded unit with advanced monitoring equipment
• Dedicated team of pediatric specialists and nurses
• Transitional care for patients stepping down from PICU
• Continuous monitoring and specialized nursing care intermediate-level care for patients requiring close monitoring
• Step-down unit for patients transitioning from PICU to regular wards
• Management of patients with single-organ dysfunction

3. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

Apollo Children's Hospital offers cutting-edge ECMO technology for critically ill pediatric patients:

• Life-saving treatment for severe heart or lung failure
• Dedicated ECMO area within the PICU complex
• Experienced multidisciplinary team available 24/7
• Capability to initiate ECMO within an hour
• Provides both VV-ECMO (for respiratory failure) and VA-ECMO (for cardiac failure)
• Supports patients for days to weeks, allowing time for recovery
• Proven track record in treating various pediatric conditions

Read more

4.Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU)

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Apollo Children's is a specialist intensive care unit that provides world-renowned high-quality care for newborn babies. Our NICU is managed by well-trained expert neonatologists who specialise in caring for extremely preterm babies as well as newborns with a variety of complex surgical and cardiac issues. Our NICU has expertly trained nurses, physiotherapists, speech therapists, pharmacists, and dieticians who can achieve the best outcomes.

Services provided in our NICU include:

• Management of extremely low birth weight babies (premature babies)
• Conventional and high-frequency ventilation
• Nitric oxide for babies in respiratory distress
• Phototherapy for babies with jaundice
• Gastrostomy tube 

5. Pediatric Sub-Specialty Care

To provide end-to-end care for children, we have a team of pediatric sub-specialists providing specialty pediatric care under one roof. Our Pediatric sub-specialists are supported by world-class equipment and facilities such as cath labs, endoscopy suites, EEG and sleep labs, dialysis units etc.

6. Pediatric Robotic Surgery

Pediatric Robotic surgery at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics represents a significant advancement in minimally invasive procedures for children. This technology allows surgeons to perform complex operations with enhanced precision and control. The robotic system consists of a console where the surgeon sits, a patient-side cart with robotic arms, and a high-definition 3D vision system.

In pediatric applications, robotic surgery is particularly beneficial for procedures in confined spaces, such as the chest or pelvis. It's used in various specialties including urology, general surgery, and thoracic surgery.

Advantages include:

• Enhanced precision and dexterity, allowing for more accurate tissue handling
• Smaller incisions, resulting in less pain and faster recovery for young patients
• Improved visualisation with 3D high-definition views of the surgical site
• Reduced blood loss and lower risk of infection
• Shorter hospital stays, enabling children to return home sooner
• Potential for better cosmetic outcomes due to smaller scars

The integration of robotic surgery at Apollo demonstrates their commitment to providing cutting-edge, minimally invasive options for pediatric patients, improving both surgical outcomes and the overall patient experience.

7. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry - BERA 

BERA, or Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry, is a sophisticated diagnostic tool used at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics to assess hearing function and auditory pathway integrity. This non-invasive test is particularly valuable for evaluating hearing in infants, young children, and patients who cannot participate in traditional hearing tests.

During a BERA test, electrodes are placed on the patient's head to record brain wave activity in response to sound stimuli. The test measures how the auditory nerve and brainstem respond to these sounds, providing crucial information about hearing sensitivity and neural processing.

Advantages include:

• Objective assessment of hearing, not requiring patient participation
• Ability to test newborns and infants, enabling early detection of hearing issues
• Useful in diagnosing auditory neuropathy and other hearing disorders
• Helps in determining the type and degree of hearing loss
• Non-invasive and painless, making it suitable for repeated testing
• Valuable in monitoring hearing in children with developmental delays or neurological disorders

At Apollo, BERA is an integral part of their comprehensive pediatric audiology services, ensuring early detection and intervention for hearing-related issues in children of all ages.

8. Cardiac Catheterisation Facilities

Apollo Institute of Pediatrics boasts state-of-the-art pediatric cardiac catheterisation facilities, specifically designed to diagnose and treat heart conditions in children. These specialised suites are equipped with advanced imaging technologies and are staffed by experienced pediatric interventional cardiologists.

The facilities enable a wide range of diagnostic and interventional procedures, from assessing complex congenital heart defects to performing minimally invasive treatments. The catheterisation labs are integrated with other advanced cardiac imaging modalities, including 4D echocardiography and cardiac MRI, for comprehensive cardiac care.

Advantages include:

• Capability to perform both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in a single session
• Minimally invasive approach, reducing the need for open-heart surgery in some cases
• Advanced imaging for precise diagnosis and treatment planning
• Ability to treat a wide range of congenital heart defects
• Reduced radiation exposure through optimised imaging protocols
• Specialised equipment and protocols for neonates and small children
• Integration with other cardiac services for seamless, comprehensive care

These dedicated facilities underscore Apollo's commitment to providing world-class cardiac care for children, from prenatal diagnosis through complex interventions and long-term management.

Your child's healthcare journey begins with a complete evaluation to help us understand their health needs and develop the best plan. During this visit, you can expect:

• Review of Medical History: The pediatrician will go over your child's past health issues, family history, and any symptoms they've been experiencing.
• Physical Examination: A thorough physical check to assess your child's current health.
• Diagnostic Testing: Initial tests may include blood work, imaging studies, or other tests to understand your child's health condition.
• Risk Assessment: Based on the health history and test results, we assess your child's health risks.
• Treatment Planning: After reviewing the findings, the doctor will discuss potential treatment options and answer any questions, helping you understand the next steps.

During your child's treatment, whether they're having a procedure or surgery, our team is here to ensure you're informed, comfortable, and well cared for. This phase includes:

• Detailed Information on Procedures: We explain what to expect from any treatment or procedure so that you and your child feel fully prepared.
• Preparation Guidance: Before any procedure, you'll receive instructions to help you get your child ready and feel confident.
• Updates During Hospital Stay: While your child is in the hospital, we keep you informed of their progress every day.
• Daily Physician Rounds: Your doctor visits your child daily to check their recovery and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment.
• Supportive Care Team: Our pediatric nurses, specialists, and support staff work together to ensure your child receives the highest quality of care.

After treatment, we focus on helping your child heal and regain strength through a personalised recovery program:

• Custom Rehabilitation Plans: We create a plan just for your child, including age-appropriate exercises and activities to rebuild strength and health.
• Physical Therapy: Our pediatric physical therapists guide your child through exercises to improve mobility and strength at their own pace.
• Occupational Therapy: If needed, therapists help your child adjust to any changes, enabling them to confidently perform daily activities.
• Psychological Support: We provide emotional support to help your child and family cope with any concerns, ensuring a positive mindset throughout recovery.
• Nutritional Guidance: Our pediatric dietitians advise on healthy foods to support long-term recovery and wellness.

We want every patient and family to feel prepared and comfortable. Following a few steps before your appointment can help us deliver the best care for your child.

Before Your Appointment
Please carry with you the following documents and records:

• Medical History: A summary of your child's health history, including past illnesses or surgeries.
• Previous Test Results: Any previous test results, such as blood tests or imaging scans.
• Medication List: A complete list of any medications your child is currently taking.
• Insurance Information: Details about your health insurance coverage.
• Identification Documents: Patient identification and birth certificate.
• Questions or Concerns: Write down any questions you want to ask the doctor.
• Medical Records: If available, bring any relevant health documents, such as:
  • Reports from previous procedures
  • Recent lab results
  • Imaging studies (e.g., scans) on CD or DVD
  • Referral letters from other doctors
  • Immunisation records
  • Any other health documents that may help us understand your child's needs

Your first consultation usually includes:

• Discussion with Your Pediatrician: You'll talk with the doctor about your child's health history, symptoms, and any concerns.
• Physical Examination: A thorough check-up to assess your child's health.
• Review of Medical Records: The doctor will review any documents, or test results you've brought along.
• Diagnostic Tests: If needed, some tests may be done during the appointment to get a clearer picture of your child's condition.
• Developing a Treatment Plan: The doctor will explain the best treatment options and answer any questions you have, so you feel comfortable and well-informed about your child's care.

Before you arrive, we help you prepare for your visit:

• Medical Documentation Review: Our team carefully reviews your child's medical records to understand their needs and create an appropriate treatment plan.
• Treatment Planning: We design a personalised care plan tailored to your child's specific condition.
• Cost Estimates: We provide transparent cost estimates to help you plan financially.
• Visa Assistance: We assist with visa requirements and provide the necessary documentation to support your medical travel.

While at Apollo Institute of Pediatrics, we ensure you and your family feel fully supported:

• Dedicated Coordinators: You will have a personal care coordinator to guide you through every step of your stay.
• Language Support: Trained interpreters are available to help you communicate clearly with your child's healthcare team in your preferred language.
• Cultural Considerations: We respect cultural needs and provide services that align with your preferences.
• Family Accommodation: We assist in finding comfortable accommodation options for your family.
• Regular Updates: Our team provides updates on your child's treatment and recovery to keep both you and your family informed.

After your child's treatment, we continue to support you to ensure a successful recovery:

• Follow-Up Planning: We arrange follow-up appointments and consultations to monitor your child's recovery.
• Telemedicine Options: You can stay connected with our pediatricians through virtual consultations.
• Coordination with Home Country Physicians: We collaborate with your local doctor to ensure your child receives consistent care.
• Digital Health Records: Access your child's medical records online for easy sharing and future care needs.